Born:
Died: Mar 1485
| Wife first to Edward, Prince of Wales (son of Henry VI) and then to Richard III. |
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| 1472 | Jul | Richard marries Anne Neville
| | | | Richard III married Anne the widow of Edward Prince of Wales who died in 1471 at the Battle of Tewkesbury. Anne was the daughter of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick the 'Kingmaker', and had grown up with Richard III at Middleham Castle when he had been placed their for his education. Marrying Anne gave Richard III rights to the Earl of Warwick's northern estates. | | 1484 | Apr | Prince Edward dies
| | | | Richard's only son died at Middleham Castle aged only eight. Anne was unable to have any more children and she would die in the following year. This left Richard with the problem of who should succeed him after his death. | | 1485 | Mar | Death of Queen Anne
| | | | Queen Anne died. |
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| Neville, George (Archbishop of York) |
Born:
Died: 1476
| Brother of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick and 'Kingmaker'. After the battle of Northampton the Yorkists gained power and George was made chancellor of England. At this time he was already Bishop of Exeter. George became Archbishop of York in 1465. |
| Family Tree Details | | |  George Neville (Archbishop of York) ( - d.1476)
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| 1460 | Jul 30 | Yorkists in power
| | | | Now that the Yorkists had control of the King, they started moves to regain their confiscated lands and reverse the sentences of attainder passed by the Coventry Parliament. To this end they sent letters demanding Parliament should meet on 7th October. George Neville, the Kingmaker's brother was made chancellor of England. | | 1469 | Jul | Clarence marries Isabel Neville
| | | | Warwick and the Duke of Clarence travelled to France where Clarence was married to Warwick's fifteen year old daughter Isabel. The ceremony was conducted by Warwick's brother George Neville the Archbishop of York. | | 1471 | Apr 11 | London falls to Edward
| | | | The Earl of Warwick was in Coventry and apparently unwilling to confront Edward, so Edward marched south to London. London was under the control of Warwick's brother, George Neviile the Archbishop of York, but the Londoners were Yorkists and they welcomed the return of their true king. |
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Born:
Died: 1476
| Wife of George, Duke of Clarence. |
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| 1476 | Dec | Edward prevents marriage
| | | | Isabel, the wife of George, Duke of Clarence died a few months after giving birth to her second child. Clarence chose Mary of Burgundy as his next wife. Mary was the heir to the Duchy of Burgundy and had a good claim to the English throne. Edward saw the danger of his brother marrying Mary and claiming the throne and prevented the marriage going ahead.1 |
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| Neville, John (Earl of Northumberland, Lord Montagu) |
Born:
Died: 1471
| John was the brother of Richard Neville, the 'Kingmaker'. |
| Family Tree Details | | | John Neville (Earl of Northumberland, Lord Montagu) ( - d.1471)
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| 1463 | Jul | Siege of Norham Castle
| | | | Queen Margaret, Henry VI and Scottish support besieged the castle at Norham. King Edward failed to react to the problem and it was left to the Earls of Warwick and Northumberland to come to the castle's rescue. Henry, Margaret and the Scots fled. | | 1464 | May | Battle of Hexham
| | | | The Nevilles defeated the last of the Lancastrian forces near Hexham and executed the rebels including Henry Beaufort the Duke of Somerset. In recognition of their contribution to the security of his reign Edward IV gave John Neville, Lord Montagu, the title of Earl of Northumberland and George Neville became the Archbishop of York. | | 1470 | Sep 13 | Warwick lands in England
| | | | The Earl of Warwick landed at Dartmouth in Devon accompanied by the Lancastrian Earl of Oxford and Jasper Tudor, the half-brother of Henry VI. Edward was in the north at the time of Warwick's return and was turned upon by John Neville, Warwick's brother. Although John Neville had accepted Edward as King, Edward had removed John's title of Earl of Northumberland earlier in the year and given it to the Percys.2 | | | Oct 2 | Edward flees to Burgundy
| | | | Warwick did not need to fight the King. Edward was outnumbered and was almost captured by John Neville at Doncaster. Along with his brother Richard and a small party of followers, Edward travelled to Lynn in Norfolk where he sailed to Burgundy and refuge.2 | | 1471 | Mar 14 | Edward returns to England
| | | | With a small combined force of English and Burgundians, Edward landed on the Yorkshire coast. His fleet had been hit and scattered by a storm off the coast of Norfolk. Luckily for Edward he wasn't attacked even though Lord Montagu, the Earl of Northumberland, was close by. As he marched south, Edward gained supporters and his army grew.2 | | | Apr 14 | The Battle of Barnet
| | | | The Earl of Warwick had left Coventry to confront Edward. The armies met at Barnet just north of London in thick fog. The two battle lines overlapped and Warwick's Lancastrian men commanded by the Earl of Oxford were able to get around the Yorkists commanded by Lord Hastings. Hastings' men fled back to London with Oxford's men in hot pursuit. On the other side of the battle the Yorkists, led by Richard, were outflanking the Lancastrians and took the advantage pushing their enemy back. When Oxford's men returned to the battle they were mistakenly fired upon by their fellow Lancastrians and fled. By early evening Lord Montagu and the Earl of Warwick were dead. The Lancastrians were defeated. |
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| Neville, Richard (Earl of Salisbury) |
Born:
Died: 1460
| Father of the 'Kingmaker'. Richard held estates in Yorkshire which he inherited from his father Ralph Neville who was Earl of Westmorland. Richard married Alice, the heiress to the estates of Salisbury and this gave him control of lands in the south of England as well. |
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| 1454 | Apr 2 | Earl of Salisbury becomes chancellor
| | | | With Richard, Duke of York running the country, several changes were made, one of which was to make the elder Richard Neville chancellor. Richard also made himself the Captain of Calais removing his rival the Earl of Somerset from the post. | | 1459 | Sep 23 | Battle of Blore Heath
| | | | Led by Richard Earl of Salisbury the Yorkists in the north mobilised an army and headed south to meet the Duke of York at Ludlow. Salisbury was intercepted by a Lancastrian army led by Lord Audley at Blore Heath in Shropshire. The Lancastrians were the first to attack. Their first and second cavalry charges were replused and when the Lancastrian foot soldiers were also repulsed they turned and fled. In the battle Audley was killed and although two of Salisbury's sons were captured they were quickly released. The Yorkists had won this battle. | | | Oct 12 | Battle of Ludford Bridge
| | | | The Earl of Warwick with a force from Calais reached Ludlow and the combined army of the Yorkists attacked the King's army at Ludford Bridge near Ludlow. The men from Calais refused to fight their king and a weak Yorkist army was defeated. Richard Duke of York and his younger son escaped and fled to Ireland while Salisbury, Warwick and Edward of March (later Edward IV) fled to Calais. | | 1460 | Jul 2 | Yorkists enter London
| | | | The Yorkists marched first to Canterbury where the officers in charge of protecting the town against them joined forces with the rebels. They then moved on and arrived at London on July 2nd. There they were welcomed by the Mayor of London and the Archbishop of Canterbury.1 | | | Jul 10 | Battle of Northampton
| | | | The Lancastrian's Court was in Coventry at the time of the Yorkist rebels entering London. When news reached them, the Lancastrians moved south to Northampton to meet the rebels. The Yorkists led by the Earl of Warwick wanted to talk but the Lancastrians led by the Duke of Buckingham wanted to fight. Although the Lancastrians had less men than the Yorkists, they did have control of a stronger position. The Yorkists managed to defeat the Lancastrians due to a section of the Lancastrian army led by Lord Grey of Ruthin moving away allowing the Yorkists through. Orders were given that the King and ordinary men should be spared, while the knights and lords should be killed. When the fighting was over the casualties were light, but the Lancastrian leaders, Buckingham, Shrewsbury and Egremont were dead and the King was captured. |
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| Neville, Richard (Earl of Warwick, 'The Kingmaker') |
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Selection of references used:
1. Charles Ross,Edward IV, 2. Anthony Cheetham,Life and times of Richard III,
Anne Neville ( - d.1485)
