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When Margaret, the Maid of Norway died while travelling from Norway to Scotland to claim the Scottish throne, a problem arose as to who should become the next king. A court controlled by Edward I chose John Balliol as the Scottish King. Balliol was a descendant of David I. He was crowned on 30th November 1292. In 1295 Edward I insisted that the Scots help him attack the French king Philippe IV. Instead, the Scots made an alliance the French King. Edward I had little choice but the attack Scotland. In July 1296 Edward defeated Balliol at the battle of Dunbar. After spending some time as a prisoner of the English, Balliol was released and went to live in France. John had a son called Edward who would become king of the Scots.

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(Author's Note: This map is experimental and subject to change)


Selection of references used:

  1. J.D. Mackie,A History of Scotland,1978
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See Also

  Episode: Edward I and Scotland
  EDWARD (I, King of England 1272-1307)
  Philippe (IV, The Fair, King of France 1285-1314)
  Balliol, Edward (King of Scotland 1332)
Time Linked People
  Bruce, Robert (Lord of Annandale) d. 1295
  Edmund (Earl of Lancaster) d. 1296
  Margaret b. 1275 d. 1318
  Elizabeth b. 1282 d. 1316
  Wallace, William d. 1305
  Bruce, Robert (Earl of Carrick) d. 1304
  Bruce, Robert (the Bruce, I, King of the Scots 1306-1329) b. 1274 d. 1329
  Philippe (IV, The Fair, King of France 1285-1314) d. 1314
  Margaret (of France) d. 1317
  EDWARD (II, King of England 1307-1327) b. 1284 d. 1327
  Gaveston, Piers d. 1312


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Mini Timeline

1291May 10Edward I meets Scottish Claimants
Edward I met the claimants for the Scottish crown at Norham. There were three main claimants to the throne all of whom were descended from David Earl of Huntingdon, the brother of William the Lion who died in 1214. The three men were John Balliol, Robert Bruce and John Hastings. The decision was delayed until the following year to allow all the facts to be taken into account.1
1292Nov 17John Balliol chosen by Edward I as Scottish King
At Berwick Edward I declared John Balliol to be the new Scottish King.1
Nov 30John Balliol become King of the Scots
Balliol was crowned at Scone Abbey on St. Andrew's Day.
1295OctTreaty Auld Alliance
John Balliol went to France and arranged the Treaty Auld Alliance (Content ?)1
1296AprBalliol: Renounces homage to England
In March of 1296 Edward I had attacked and sacked Berwick. Balliol renounced homage to England.1
Apr 27Battle of Dunbar
John Balliol was defeated at the battle of Dunbar by Edward I.
JulBalliol: Surrenders at Stracathro, Edward takes the Stone of Scone
The English had taken many castles and in July 1296 Balliol surrendered to Edward I. Balliol was allowed to retire to France some years later. Edward advanced to Elgin and on his return to England took the Stone of Scone.1

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